Foundation Calculator

Patient Body Parameters Live

Calculates Total Blood Volume (TBV), Total Plasma Volume (TPV), and Red Cell Volume (RCV) — the foundational values required for all other apheresis calculations. Results from this module carry forward to other calculators.

📖 Nadler et al., Surgery 1962 · Lemmens et al., Obes Surg 2006

Nadler's Formula for Total Blood Volume (TBV)

Males: TBV (L) = (0.3669 × H³) + (0.03219 × W) + 0.6041
Females: TBV (L) = (0.3561 × H³) + (0.03308 × W) + 0.1833

Simplified: TBV (mL) = 70 mL/kg × Weight (kg) [Males]
TBV (mL) = 65 mL/kg × Weight (kg) [Females]

H = Height in meters · W = Weight in kg · Nadler's formula is the standard used by most apheresis devices (Spectra Optia®, Haemonetics MCS+)

Biological Sex

Height (cm)

Weight (kg)

Hematocrit (%) Pre-procedure value

📊 Patient Parameters

Total Blood Volume (Nadler)
—
mL

TBV (Simplified)

—

Total Plasma Volume (TPV)
—
mL

Red Cell Volume (RCV)

—

Clinical Use: TPV is used to prescribe TPE volume (typically 1.0–1.5× TPV per session). RCV is used to calculate donor RBC volume needed for erythrocytapheresis. These values are automatically used in other calculator modules when you navigate to them.

Reference: Normal Values by Body Size

Parameter	Average Adult Male	Average Adult Female	Clinical Significance
TBV	5,000–6,000 mL	4,000–5,000 mL	Basis for all apheresis volume calculations
TPV	2,700–3,200 mL	2,300–2,800 mL	Determines TPE prescription volume
RCV	2,200–2,800 mL	1,600–2,200 mL	Determines RBC exchange donor volume
Hematocrit	40–52%	36–48%	Key variable; changes during procedure

Plasma Exchange Calculator

Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) Live

Calculates plasma volume to process, replacement fluid volumes, and estimated solute reduction for each TPE session. ASFA recommends 1.0–1.5× plasma volumes per session for most indications.

📖 ASFA 9th Edition (2023) · Cervantes et al., AJKD 2023 · Reverberi, Blood Transfus 2007

TPE Volume & Solute Removal Formulas

TPE Volume (mL) = Target Plasma Volumes × TPV
Residual Fraction = e^(−TPE Volume / TPV)
% Removed = (1 − Residual Fraction) × 100

Where TPV = Total Plasma Volume (from Patient Parameters). Assumes single-compartment model, intravascular distribution, and isovolumetric exchange. Valid for IgG, IgM, fibrinogen, and other high-MW substances.

ℹ️

Auto-fill from Patient Parameters: If you have already calculated Patient Body Parameters, the TPV field below will be pre-filled. Otherwise, enter the TPV manually.

Total Plasma Volume (TPV) mL — from Patient Parameters or enter manually

Target Plasma Volumes

Albumin % in Replacement

Number of Sessions

📊 TPE Prescription

Volume to Process (Per Session)
—
mL per session

Estimated % Removed (Per Session)
—
% of intravascular substance

Albumin Volume (5%)

—

mL per session

FFP Volume

—

mL per session

ASFA Replacement Fluid Guidelines

Replacement Fluid	Standard Use	Preferred When	Avoid When
5% Albumin	First-line for most indications	Routine TPE, maintenance sessions	Active bleeding, coagulopathy, TTP (use FFP)
Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP)	TTP (mandatory), anti-GBM, HUS	Coagulopathy, factor replacement needed	Routine use (risk of allergic reactions, TRALI)
50% Albumin / 50% FFP	Compromise approach	Mild coagulopathy, last few sessions	Active TTP (use 100% FFP)
Normal Saline	Partial replacement only	Mild hyperviscosity, volume management	Full-volume replacement (hypoproteinemia risk)

Kinetics Calculator

Solute Removal Kinetics

Models the exponential removal of intravascular substances during TPE using the Wiener-Wexler one-compartment model. Useful for understanding how many sessions are needed to achieve target reduction levels.

📖 Reverberi & Reverberi, Blood Transfus 2007 · Wiener & Wexler 1946

One-Compartment Removal Model

Residual Concentration (%) = 100 × e^(−v/V)

Where: v = volume exchanged (mL) · V = plasma volume (mL)
e = Euler's number (2.71828...)

Valid for high-molecular-weight substances (IgG, IgM, fibrinogen, LDL) that are predominantly intravascular. Underestimates removal for small, diffusible molecules (bilirubin, ammonia).

Patient Plasma Volume (V) mL

Target Substance

Intravascular % (if custom) % of substance in plasma

Initial Concentration / Level Any unit (mg/dL, g/L, titer, etc.)

📊 Predicted Removal by Session

Session	Volume Exchanged	Residual (%)	Estimated Level	% Removed (Cumulative)

Erythrocytapheresis Calculator

RBC Exchange (RBCX) — Sickle Cell Disease Live

Calculates the Fraction of Cells Remaining (FCR) and the volume of donor pRBCs required to achieve a target post-procedure HbS% in automated red cell exchange (erythrocytapheresis). Supports Exchange Only and Depletion/Exchange protocols with FCR-from-HbS% conversion and Nadler's TBV formula.

📖 Nadler et al., Surgery 1962 · Fasano et al., Transfusion 2015 · ASFA 9th Ed. Category I, Grade 1C · Spectra Optia default: Inlet:AC ratio 13:1

ℹ️

FCR ≠ HbS% — Understanding the Difference

FCR (Fraction of Cells Remaining) is the percentage of the patient's original RBC volume remaining after the procedure. HbS% is the percentage of sickled hemoglobin in the blood. FCR = HbS% only if the patient's starting HbS is 100% (i.e., no prior transfusions). For transfused patients, always calculate FCR from HbS% using the formula below. The Spectra Optia accepts either FCR directly or calculates it from starting/target HbS%.

📋 Screen B — Procedure Type (Spectra Optia Protocol)

🔴 Exchange Only 🔄 Depletion / Exchange

Exchange Only: Patient RBCs replaced directly with donor RBCs. Most common protocol. | Depletion/Exchange: First depletes patient RBCs with non-cellular fluid (lowers Hct), then exchanges with donor RBCs. Requires fewer donor units for same FCR. Recommended when pre-procedure Hct ≥26%.

Core Formulas — Automated RBC Exchange (Erythrocytapheresis)

FCR from HbS%: FCR = Target HbS (%) ÷ Starting HbS (%)
RCV: RCV (mL) = TBV × (Pre-Hct ÷ 100)
Exchange Only — Donor Volume:
   V_donor = TBV × [(Target Hct − Pre-Hct × FCR) ÷ Donor Hct] (all Hct as decimals)
Depletion/Exchange — Donor Volume:
   Phase 1 (Depletion): Lower Hct to Depletion Target Hct using saline/albumin
   Phase 2 (Exchange): V_donor = TBV × [(Target Hct − Depletion Hct × FCR) ÷ Donor Hct]
Units Needed: N = V_donor ÷ Unit Volume (mL)

Spectra Optia defaults: Inlet:AC ratio 13:1 · AC infusion rate 0.8 mL/min · 100% fluid balance. TBV calculated by Nadler's formula from Patient Parameters module.

A Screen A — Patient Data

Biological Sex

Height (cm) Used in Nadler's TBV formula

Weight (kg) Used in Nadler's TBV formula

Starting Hematocrit (%) Pre-procedure Hct (norm SCD: 20–30%)

B Screen B — Procedure Data

Hematocrit of Exchange Fluid / Donor pRBCs (%) Donor pRBC Hct — typically 55–80%

Depletion Target Hct (%) Target Hct after depletion phase (typically 18–22%)

Donor Unit Volume (mL/unit) Typical pRBC unit: 250–350 mL

C Screen C — Targets

Enter target as:

HbS% (Starting & Target) — Spectra Optia calculates FCR FCR% directly

Starting HbS% (Pre-procedure) If unknown in acute setting, assume 100%

Target HbS% (Post-procedure Goal) <30% for acute stroke / ACS; <50% chronic

Target FCR (%) e.g. 25% FCR = 25% of original sickle RBCs remain

Target Post-procedure Hct (%) Typically 30–36% — set on Spectra Optia device

Quick-Select Clinical Indication (auto-fills HbS target):

📊 RBCX Prescription — Spectra Optia Parameters

FCR (Fraction of Cells Remaining)
—
% of original sickle RBCs remaining

Donor RBC Volume Needed
—
mL of pRBCs (Replaced: Exchange)

Estimated Units of pRBCs
—
units

Patient TBV (Nadler)

—

Patient RCV

—

Post-procedure HbS (Predicted)

—

HbS Reduction

—

% reduction from baseline

⚙️ Spectra Optia Device Parameters (to enter on machine)

Protocol: —

FCR to enter: —

Target Hct: —

Donor Hct: —

Inlet:AC Ratio: 13:1 (Spectra Optia default)

AC Infusion Rate: 0.8 mL/min (default)

Fluid Balance: 100% (default)

Clinical Targets by Indication

Indication	Target Post-HbS	Target Post-Hct	Protocol Preference	ASFA Category
Acute Stroke / TIA	<30%	30–36%	Exchange Only	Cat I, Grade 1C
Stroke Prevention (Chronic)	<30%	30–36%	Exchange or Dep/Exch	Cat I, Grade 1B
Acute Chest Syndrome (Severe)	<30%	30–36%	Exchange Only	Cat II, Grade 2C
Pre-operative Preparation	<30–50%	30–36%	Exchange or Dep/Exch	Cat II, Grade 2C
Priapism / Pain Crisis	<30–50%	30–36%	Exchange Only	Cat III, Grade 2C

Depletion/Exchange Consideration: Recommended when pre-procedure Hct ≥26%. During the depletion phase, patient RBCs are removed and replaced with non-cellular fluid (saline or albumin) until the depletion target Hct is reached. The exchange phase then proceeds with donor pRBCs. This approach reduces total donor RBC exposure while achieving the same FCR target. Source: ASFA Guidelines · Fasano et al., Transfusion 2015.

Leukocytapheresis Calculator

Leukocytapheresis — Hyperleukocytosis

Estimates post-procedure WBC count and the number of sessions needed to achieve a target WBC level in hyperleukocytosis. A single session typically reduces WBC by 30–60%.

📖 Zhang et al., Int J Gen Med 2021 · ASFA 9th Edition · Kanungo et al., AJTS 2025

WBC Reduction Formula

Post-WBC = Pre-WBC × (1 − Reduction Rate)
% Reduction = (Pre-WBC − Post-WBC) / Pre-WBC × 100
Sessions Needed = log(Target WBC / Pre-WBC) / log(1 − Reduction Rate)

Single leukapheresis reduces WBC by 30–60% (ASFA 9th Ed.). Reduction rate varies by device, blood volume processed, and WBC differential. AML blasts are removed less efficiently than lymphocytes.

🚨

Emergency Threshold: Leukapheresis is typically indicated when WBC >100×10⁹/L (hyperleukocytosis) with symptomatic leukostasis (respiratory failure, neurological changes). In AML, consider at WBC >50×10⁹/L with symptoms. Leukapheresis is a temporizing measure — cytoreductive chemotherapy must follow.

Pre-procedure WBC (×10⁹/L)

Target WBC (×10⁹/L)

Predominant Cell Type

Patient TBV (mL) From Patient Parameters

📊 Leukocytapheresis Estimates

Estimated Post-WBC (1 Session)
—
×10⁹/L

WBC Reduction (1 Session)

—

% reduction

Sessions to Reach Target

—

sessions (estimated)

WBCs Removed (1 Session)

—

×10⁹ cells

Cellular Therapy Calculator

HPC Stem Cell Collection (Leukapheresis)

Predicts CD34+ cell yield from peripheral blood leukapheresis for hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) collection. Used to plan collection sessions and determine if target dose will be achieved.

📖 Sheppard et al., BBMT 2016 · Jacob et al., Transfusion 2021 · AABB Vol 3 Cellular Therapy (2025, catalog reference only)

CD34+ Yield Prediction Formula

Predicted Yield = PB CD34+ (cells/µL) × 1000 × Blood Volume Processed (L) × CE₂ (%)

CE₂ = Collected CD34+ cells / (PB CD34+ × Total WB Volume Processed)
Target Dose: ≥2×10⁶ CD34+/kg (minimum) · ≥4×10⁶ CD34+/kg (optimal)

PB CD34+ = Peripheral blood CD34+ count on day of collection. CE₂ = Collection Efficiency formula 2 (typically 30–50% for most devices). Blood volume processed = typically 3–5× TBV.

PB CD34+ Count (cells/µL) Day-of-collection peripheral blood

Blood Volume to Process (L) Typically 3–5× TBV

Collection Efficiency (CE₂) (%) Device-specific; typically 30–50%

Recipient Weight (kg) For dose/kg calculation

📊 HPC Collection Prediction

Predicted CD34+ Yield
—
×10⁶ cells

Dose per kg (Recipient)
—
×10⁶ CD34+/kg

Target Achievement

—

vs. 4×10⁶/kg optimal

Sessions to Optimal Dose

—

sessions estimated

CD34+ Mobilization Adequacy Thresholds

PB CD34+ Count	Mobilization Status	Expected Yield	Clinical Action
<5 cells/µL	Poor mobilization	Unlikely to meet minimum dose	Consider plerixafor rescue, delay collection
5–10 cells/µL	Marginal	May require multiple sessions	Proceed with caution; consider plerixafor
10–20 cells/µL	Adequate	Likely to meet minimum (2×10⁶/kg)	Proceed with collection
>20 cells/µL	Good mobilization	Likely to meet optimal (4×10⁶/kg)	Proceed; single session may suffice

Plateletpheresis Calculator

Platelet Collection Efficiency (CE)

Calculates collection efficiency (CE1 and CE2) for plateletpheresis procedures and estimates the therapeutic dose. Used for donor qualification, device performance monitoring, and quality control.

📖 Jaime-Pérez et al., J Clin Apheresis 2017 · Castillo-Aleman et al., Transfusion & Apheresis Sci 2023

Collection Efficiency Formulas

CE₁ (%) = (Collected Platelets) / (Pre-count × TBV) × 100
CE₂ (%) = (Collected Platelets) / (Pre-count × WB Volume Processed) × 100

Platelet Yield = Product Volume (mL) × Product PLT Count (×10⁹/mL)
Therapeutic Dose: ≥3.0×10¹¹ platelets per unit (AABB standard)

CE₁ uses TBV as denominator (theoretical maximum). CE₂ uses actual whole blood volume processed (more practical). Target CE₂ is typically ≥50% for most devices.

Pre-procedure PLT Count (×10⁹/L)

Donor TBV (mL) From Patient Parameters

WB Volume Processed (mL)

Product Volume (mL)

Product PLT Count (×10⁹/L)

📊 Plateletpheresis Results

Platelet Yield
—
×10¹¹ platelets

Collection Efficiency (CE₁)
—
% (vs. TBV)

Collection Efficiency (CE₂)

—

% (vs. WB processed)

Therapeutic Dose Met?

—

≥3.0×10¹¹ = AABB standard

Safety Calculator

Citrate Toxicity Risk Assessment Live

Calculates citrate infusion rate and assesses toxicity risk based on blood flow rate, ACD-A ratio, and patient weight. Citrate chelates ionized calcium, causing hypocalcemia — the primary mechanism of citrate toxicity.

📖 Lee et al., Transfusion Med Rev 2012 · Weinstein et al., J Clin Apheresis 2023 · ASFA 9th Edition

Citrate Infusion Rate Formula

ACD-A Infusion Rate (mL/min) = Blood Flow Rate (mL/min) ÷ Inlet:AC Ratio
Citrate Dose (mg/kg/min) = [ACD-A Rate × 20.6 mg/mL] ÷ [Patient Weight (kg)]
Max Safe Rate: <1.5 mg/kg/min (standard) · <1.8 mg/kg/min (absolute max)

ACD-A contains 20.6 mg/mL of citric acid equivalent. Standard Inlet:AC ratio is 1:12 to 1:16 depending on device and procedure. Lower ratio = more citrate = higher toxicity risk.

⚠️

High-Risk Patients: Liver disease (impaired citrate metabolism), hypoalbuminemia, hypomagnesemia, alkalosis, pediatric patients, and patients on calcium channel blockers are at elevated risk for citrate toxicity at standard doses. Consider prophylactic calcium supplementation.

Patient Weight (kg)

Blood Flow Rate (mL/min)

Inlet:AC Ratio

Procedure Type

📊 Citrate Toxicity Assessment

ACD-A Infusion Rate

—

mL/min

Citrate Dose Rate
—
mg/kg/min

Toxicity Risk Level

—

based on dose rate

Recommended Ca²⁺ Supplement

—

prophylactic action

Citrate Dose Rate vs. Safe Threshold

0Safe (<1.5)Caution (1.5–1.8)Danger (>1.8 mg/kg/min)

Citrate Toxicity: Signs, Symptoms & Management

Severity	Symptoms	iCa²⁺ Level	Management
Mild	Perioral tingling, paresthesias, chills	0.9–1.1 mmol/L	Slow blood flow rate, oral calcium carbonate
Moderate	Muscle cramps, nausea, anxiety, tremors	0.7–0.9 mmol/L	Reduce flow rate, IV calcium gluconate 1–2 g
Severe	Tetany, carpopedal spasm, arrhythmia, hypotension	<0.7 mmol/L	Stop procedure, IV calcium gluconate 2–4 g, ECG monitoring

Lipoprotein Apheresis Calculator

LDL Apheresis Efficacy Live

Calculates acute LDL reduction per session, time-averaged LDL (using the Kroon formula), and estimated treatment frequency to achieve target LDL levels. Used for Familial Hypercholesterolemia (HoFH/HeFH) management.

📖 Kayikcioglu et al., PMC 2021 · Reijman et al., ERKNet 2024 · Schumann et al., J Lipid Res 2024

LDL Reduction & Kroon Formula

Acute LDL Reduction (%) = (Pre-LDL − Post-LDL) / Pre-LDL × 100

Kroon Time-Averaged LDL = LDL_post + K × (LDL_pre − LDL_post)
K = 0.73 (biweekly) · K = 0.63 (weekly) · K = 0.83 (monthly)

The Kroon formula accounts for the non-linear rebound of LDL between sessions. Time-averaged LDL is the clinically meaningful metric for cardiovascular risk reduction, not just the post-procedure nadir.

Pre-procedure LDL-C (mg/dL)

Post-procedure LDL-C (mg/dL)

Treatment Frequency

LDL Target (mg/dL) HoFH target: <100 mg/dL (ESC/EAS)

📊 LDL Apheresis Efficacy

Acute LDL Reduction
—
% per session

Time-Averaged LDL (Kroon)
—
mg/dL

Target LDL Achieved?

—

time-averaged vs. goal

Annual Sessions Needed

—

sessions/year

LDL Apheresis Eligibility Criteria (FDA / EAS)

Patient Type	LDL Threshold	Additional Criteria	ASFA Category
HoFH — No CVD	LDL ≥300 mg/dL	Max tolerated drug therapy	Cat I, Grade 1B
HoFH — With CVD	LDL ≥200 mg/dL	Max tolerated drug therapy	Cat I, Grade 1B
HeFH — With CVD	LDL ≥160 mg/dL	Failure of drug therapy	Cat II, Grade 1B
Elevated Lp(a) — With CVD	Lp(a) ≥60 mg/dL	Progressive CVD despite LDL control	Cat II, Grade 2C

Plasma Exchange Calculator

Replacement Fluid Calculator (TPE)

Calculates albumin and FFP volumes required for a TPE procedure, estimates coagulation factor depletion with albumin-only replacement, and determines FFP unit requirements based on the prescribed replacement fluid ratio.

📖 Cervantes et al., AJKD Core Curriculum 2023 · Zrimsek et al., J Clin Med 2024 · ASFA 9th Edition

Replacement Fluid Formulas

Total Replacement Volume: Vol = TPV × Exchange Factor (1.0–1.5)
Albumin Volume: Albumin (mL) = Total Vol × Albumin Fraction
FFP Volume: FFP (mL) = Total Vol × FFP Fraction
FFP Units: Units = FFP Volume ÷ 250 mL/unit
Coag Factor Residual (albumin-only): Residual% = e^{−(exchange vol / TPV)} × 100

📖 Minimum albumin ratio: 70:30 (albumin:saline) per AJKD 2023 · FFP threshold: fibrinogen <100 mg/dL or INR >1.5×

Total Plasma Volume (mL) From Patient Body Parameters or manual entry

Exchange Factor (volumes)

Albumin Fraction (%) Remainder = FFP. Min 70% albumin recommended (AJKD 2023)

Albumin Concentration (%)

Clinical Indication

💧 Replacement Fluid Prescription

Total Replacement Volume
—
mL

Albumin Volume
—
mL

FFP Volume

—

FFP Units Needed

—

units (÷ 250 mL/unit)

Coag Factor Residual

—

% remaining after exchange

FFP Threshold Warning

—

clinical alert

Replacement Fluid Selection by Indication

Indication	Preferred Fluid	Rationale	ASFA Guidance
TTP (ADAMTS13 deficiency)	100% FFP or cryopoor plasma	Replenishes ADAMTS13; cryopoor preferred to avoid VWF loading	Cat I, Grade 1A
HUS (Shiga toxin)	FFP or albumin	Less clear benefit; albumin acceptable if no coagulopathy	Cat III, Grade 2C
ANCA-AAV / Anti-GBM	5% Albumin	No coagulation factor replacement needed	Cat I–II
Myasthenia Gravis / CIDP	5% Albumin	Standard; FFP only if coagulopathy present	Cat I, Grade 1B
Coagulopathy / Pre-surgical	50–100% FFP	Maintain coagulation factors ≥40% activity	Institutional protocol

Selective Apheresis Calculator

Immunoadsorption (IA) — IgG Removal

Calculates IgG removal per session and cumulative removal across multiple sessions using Protein A or other immunoadsorption columns. Estimates grams of IgG removed and predicts post-treatment IgG levels.

📖 Süfke et al., Ther Apher Dial 2017 · Giszas et al., Ther Apher Dial 2023 · Fuchs et al., PMC9291474 (2021)

Immunoadsorption IgG Removal Formulas

IgG Removed per Session (g): IgG_removed = [IgG] (g/L) × TPV (L) × Removal Rate
Residual IgG after N sessions: IgG_residual = IgG₀ × (1 − Removal Rate)^N
Cumulative Removal %: Removal% = (1 − (1 − r)^N) × 100

📖 Protein A (LIGASORB): >70% IgG removal per session · Standard IA (1.5× TPV): ~56% per session (Süfke 2017)

Total Plasma Volume (mL) From Patient Body Parameters or manual entry

Baseline IgG (g/L) Normal range: 7–16 g/L. Enter measured value.

Column / Protocol Type

Number of Sessions Standard protocol: 5 consecutive sessions

Target IgG (g/L) — optional Leave blank to skip target assessment

🔬 Immunoadsorption Results

IgG Removed (Session 1)
—
grams

Post-Session 1 IgG
—
g/L

Post-Final Session IgG

—

g/L

Cumulative Removal

—

% of baseline IgG

Total IgG Removed

—

grams total

Target IgG Achieved?

—

vs. goal

Common IA Indications (ASFA Guidelines)

Indication	Target Molecule	Column Type	ASFA Category
Myasthenia Gravis (severe)	Anti-AChR / Anti-MuSK IgG	Protein A or tryptophan	Cat I, Grade 1C
ANCA-AAV (refractory)	ANCA (IgG)	Protein A	Cat II, Grade 2C
Dilated Cardiomyopathy	Anti-β1-AR IgG	Protein A	Cat II, Grade 1B
Pemphigus Vulgaris	Anti-Dsg1/3 IgG	Protein A or IA	Cat II, Grade 1C
Hemophilia A (inhibitors)	Anti-FVIII IgG	Protein A	Cat II, Grade 2C

Selective Apheresis Calculator

Double Filtration Plasmapheresis (DFPP)

Calculates the sieving coefficient, removal ratio, and discard volume for DFPP procedures. DFPP uses a secondary plasma fractionator to selectively remove large-molecular-weight proteins (IgG, IgM, fibrinogen) while retaining albumin.

📖 Perondi et al., PMC5974530 (2018) · JCA Plasma Separation Efficiency 2026 · Indian J Nephrol DFPP Study

DFPP Sieving & Removal Formulas

Sieving Coefficient (SC): SC = C_filtrate / C_{feed plasma}
Removal Ratio (RR): RR = 1 − (C_post / C_pre)
Discard Volume: V_discard = V_{plasma filtered} × (1 − SC_albumin)
Albumin Loss: Loss = Plasma filtered × [Albumin] × (1 − SC_albumin)

📖 Evaflux 4A default SCs: IgG 0.40 · IgM 0.05 · Fibrinogen 0.20 · Albumin 0.85

Plasma Volume Filtered (mL) Typically 1.0–1.5× TPV per session

Pre-procedure IgG (g/L)

Pre-procedure Albumin (g/L)

Plasma Fractionator

🔁 DFPP Results

IgG Removal Ratio
—
% per session

IgM Removal Ratio
—
% per session

Albumin Retained

—

% of baseline

Discard Volume

—

Albumin Loss

—

grams

Fibrinogen Removal

—

% per session

Sieving Coefficients by Filter Type

Filter	IgG SC	IgM SC	Albumin SC	Fibrinogen SC	Primary Use
Evaflux 4A	0.40	0.05	0.85	0.20	IgG removal (FH, FSGS)
Evaflux 2A	0.70	0.50	0.90	0.50	IgM / large molecule removal
Cascadeflo EC-20W	0.35	0.03	0.88	0.15	Selective IgG (low albumin loss)

Safety Calculator

Extracorporeal Volume (ECV) Safety Check Live

Calculates the extracorporeal volume as a percentage of the patient's total blood volume to determine whether circuit priming with pRBCs or albumin is required. Critical for pediatric patients and small adults where ECV >10–15% TBV can cause hemodynamic instability.

📖 Chuang et al., Pediatric TPE 2025 · PMC5269433 (Bojanic 2016) · ASFA 9th Edition · Taylan et al., PMC9039165 (2022)

Mode: 👤 Adult 👶 Pediatric

ECV Safety Formula

ECV%: ECV% = (Circuit ECV / TBV) × 100
Safe threshold: ECV ≤10% TBV (preferred) · ≤15% TBV (maximum acceptable)
Pediatric TBV: Neonates 87.5 mL/kg · Infants 80 mL/kg · Children 72.5 mL/kg · Adolescents/Adults 65–70 mL/kg (Nadler formula preferred)

Age Group

Pediatric Age Group

Patient Weight (kg)

Biological Sex (adult Nadler formula)

Height (cm)

Apheresis Circuit / Device

Custom Circuit ECV (mL)

🛡️ ECV Safety Assessment

Patient TBV
—
mL

ECV as % of TBV
—
%

Circuit ECV

—

Prime Decision

—

recommendation

ECV Safety Thresholds & Prime Recommendations

ECV % of TBV	Safety Status	Action
≤10%	Safe	Proceed without priming
10–15%	Caution	Consider priming; monitor closely for hemodynamic changes
>15%	Prime Required	Prime circuit with pRBCs (10–15 mL/kg) or 5% albumin before connecting patient

Photopheresis Calculator

Extracorporeal Photopheresis (ECP)

Calculates the Uvadex (8-MOP / methoxsalen) dose, buffy coat volume, MNC dose per kg, and patient eligibility for ECP procedures. Supports both inline (Therakos CELLEX) and offline (Spectra Optia cMNC) methods.

📖 Drugs.com Uvadex Dosage Guide · Mayer et al., J Clin Apher 2022 (PMC9542192) · Arora & Setia, Asian J Transfus Sci 2017 (PMC5613442) · ASFA 9th Edition

ℹ️ Uvadex Dose Formula (FDA-Approved): Uvadex (mL) = Treatment Volume (mL) × 0.017. This delivers a target 8-MOP concentration of 200 ng/mL in the buffy coat. Source: Therakos prescribing information and Drugs.com Uvadex Dosage Guide.

ECP Core Formulas

Uvadex Dose (inline): Uvadex (mL) = Treatment Volume (mL) × 0.017
MNC Dose: MNC dose (×10⁶/kg) = Total MNCs collected / Patient weight (kg)
Collection Efficiency (CE₂): CE₂ = (MNC_product × Vol_product) / (MNC_blood × Vol_processed) × 100%
Treatment Volume (offline): TV = Buffy coat volume + Saline diluent (e.g., 100 mL + 200 mL = 300 mL)

⭕ Inline (Therakos CELLEX) 🔁 Offline (Spectra Optia cMNC)

Patient Weight (kg)

Hemoglobin (g/dL) Eligibility: Hgb >10 g/dL required

Platelet Count (×10⁹/L) Eligibility: Plt >20 ×10⁹/L required

Lymphocyte Count (×10⁹/L) Minimum: ≥1.0 ×10⁹/L for adequate cell yield

Treatment Volume (mL) — Inline Therakos CELLEX default: 200–300 mL. Software calculates automatically.

Target Buffy Coat Volume (mL) — Offline Spectra Optia cMNC target: 100 mL (set device to 110 mL to account for 10 mL handling loss)

Saline Diluent Volume (mL) — Offline Standard offline: 200 mL saline added to 100 mL buffy coat = 300 mL treatment bag

MNC Count in Peripheral Blood (×10⁹/L) — optional Used to estimate MNC dose. Leave blank to skip.

☀️ ECP Prescription Results

Uvadex Dose
—
mL (= TV × 0.017)

Treatment Volume
—
mL

8-MOP in Treatment Bag

—

ng/mL (FDA formula: TV × 0.017)

Eligibility Status

—

criteria check

Est. MNC Dose

—

×10⁶/kg

Device Setting

—

enter on machine

ECP Indications & ASFA Categories

Indication	ASFA Category	Grade	Typical Schedule
CTCL (erythrodermic)	Cat I	Grade 1B	2 consecutive days every 4 weeks
Chronic GVHD (steroid-refractory)	Cat I	Grade 1B	2 days every 2–4 weeks
Acute GVHD (steroid-refractory)	Cat II	Grade 1C	2 days weekly × 4–8 weeks
Cardiac Allograft Rejection	Cat II	Grade 1C	2 days every 4 weeks
Lung Transplant Rejection (BOS)	Cat II	Grade 2C	2 days every 2–4 weeks
Systemic Sclerosis	Cat III	Grade 2C	2 days every 4 weeks

Apheresis Clinical Calculators

Patient Body Parameters Live

Nadler's Formula for Total Blood Volume (TBV)

📊 Patient Parameters

Reference: Normal Values by Body Size

Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) Live

TPE Volume & Solute Removal Formulas

📊 TPE Prescription

ASFA Replacement Fluid Guidelines

Solute Removal Kinetics

One-Compartment Removal Model

📊 Predicted Removal by Session

RBC Exchange (RBCX) — Sickle Cell Disease Live

Core Formulas — Automated RBC Exchange (Erythrocytapheresis)

📊 RBCX Prescription — Spectra Optia Parameters

Clinical Targets by Indication

Leukocytapheresis — Hyperleukocytosis

WBC Reduction Formula

📊 Leukocytapheresis Estimates

HPC Stem Cell Collection (Leukapheresis)

CD34+ Yield Prediction Formula

📊 HPC Collection Prediction

CD34+ Mobilization Adequacy Thresholds

Platelet Collection Efficiency (CE)

Collection Efficiency Formulas

📊 Plateletpheresis Results

Citrate Toxicity Risk Assessment Live

Citrate Infusion Rate Formula

📊 Citrate Toxicity Assessment

Citrate Toxicity: Signs, Symptoms & Management

LDL Apheresis Efficacy Live

LDL Reduction & Kroon Formula

📊 LDL Apheresis Efficacy

LDL Apheresis Eligibility Criteria (FDA / EAS)

Replacement Fluid Calculator (TPE)

Replacement Fluid Formulas

💧 Replacement Fluid Prescription

Replacement Fluid Selection by Indication

Immunoadsorption (IA) — IgG Removal

Immunoadsorption IgG Removal Formulas

🔬 Immunoadsorption Results

Common IA Indications (ASFA Guidelines)

Double Filtration Plasmapheresis (DFPP)

DFPP Sieving & Removal Formulas

🔁 DFPP Results

Sieving Coefficients by Filter Type

Extracorporeal Volume (ECV) Safety Check Live

ECV Safety Formula

🛡️ ECV Safety Assessment

ECV Safety Thresholds & Prime Recommendations

Extracorporeal Photopheresis (ECP)

ECP Core Formulas

☀️ ECP Prescription Results

ECP Indications & ASFA Categories

Clinical Formula References

Related Clinical Resources